ARM:Raspberry Pi 4/5/500/CM5/Zero 2 W - complete ripoff for the last 5 years, just get a clone
Orange Pi 5 / Radxa Rock 5B - RK3588, 8 cores, NVMe, up to 32GB RAM (5 Plus/5B+). Use a mainline distro instead of official images
Odroid N2+/C4/M1S/M2 - better long-term support than most
Pine64 (Quartz64, ROCKPro64) - old but openish hardware
Libre Computer (Le Potato, Alta) - Pi form factor with mainline Linux
BeagleBone Black/BeagleY-AI - good real-time I/O, open hardware
Radxa Orion O6 - CIX P1, 12 cores, ARMv9, mini-ITX desktop-class ARM
Arduino Uno Q - Qualcomm QRB2210 running Debian + STM32 MCU, Uno form factor
NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano Super - very niche CUDA AI/vision workloads, proprietary libraries
amd64:Used thin clients (Dell Wyse 5070, HP t630/t640/t740) and tiny/mini/micro business PCs (Lenovo ThinkCentre Tiny, HP EliteDesk/ProDesk Mini, Dell OptiPlex Micro)
Intel N100/N150/N97/N305/N355 mini PCs and boards (Beelink, Minisforum, GMKtec)
Odroid H4 (N97/i3-N305), Radxa X4 (N100), LattePanda - actual SBC form factor x86
RISC-V:Milk-V (Mars, Jupiter, Duo) - Mars is JH7110, Jupiter is SpacemiT K1/M1, Duo is a tiny, cheap board (Duo 256M/S can also boot its ARM core)
StarFive VisionFive 2 - JH7110, decent Debian support
Banana Pi BPI-F3 - SpacemiT K1, 8 cores
Sipeed Lichee Pi 4A (TH1520) / Pine64 Star64 (JH7110) / Ox64 (BL808)
SpacemiT K3 boards - first RVA23 chips, hard to buy for now
Software support is still maturing, so expect to cross-compile
AVR:Arduino/Qualcomm Uno R3/Nano/Mega - very basic automation and IO, good learning tool
ATtiny85 / Digispark - tiny and very cheap
Clones are very easy to find and generally much much cheaper than Arduino
Other Microcontrollers:ESP32 - Xtensa (ESP32/S2/S3) or RISC-V (C3/C5/C6/H2/P4), built-in WiFi/Bluetooth on most (S2 has no BT, H2 has no WiFi, P4 has neither), cheap
ESP8266 - older, even cheaper WiFi-only option
Pi Pico (RP2040/RP2350) - RP2040 is Cortex-M0+, RP2350 is Cortex-M33 or RISC-V. W models add WiFi
STM32 / Teensy - ARM Cortex-M (Teensy 4.x is NXP i.MX RT, not STM32)
Arduino Uno R4 - Renesas RA4M1 (Cortex-M4), WiFi model adds an ESP32-S3
>What can I do with them?https://github.com/speeduino/speeduino - open-source ECU
Home Assistant / Pi-hole / AdGuard Home / WireGuard - smart home, ad blocking, VPN (HA needs a 64-bit since 2025)
ESPHome / Tasmota - smart home firmware for ESP boards
NAS / Jellyfin / Plex - media server
Frigate - NVR / security cameras
PiKVM / NanoKVM - remote KVM
Klipper / OctoPrint - 3D printer control
OpenWrt router / firewall
Console emulation (Batocera, Recalbox, Lakka; RetroPie) or MAME cabinet
SDR / ADS-B plane tracker
Meshtastic - off-grid LoRa mesh on ESP32 boards
QMK / ZMK - custom keyboard firmware
Weather station / sensor logging with ESP32 or Pico
Robotics / computer vision
>Where can I get them?https://www.aliexpress.com/https://www.adafruit.com/https://www.sparkfun.com/https://shop.pimoroni.com/https://www.raspberrypi.com/https://www.orangepi.org/html/hardWare/computerAndMicrocontrollers/index.htmlhttps://radxa.com/https://www.hardkernel.com/product-category/odroid-board/https://pine64.org/devices/https://www.libre.computer/https://www.beagleboard.org/https://www.lattepanda.com/https://milkv.io/https://www.starfivetech.com/https://banana-pi.org/https://www.sipeed.com/https://www.arduino.cc/https://www.espressif.com/https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/autonomous-machines/embedded-systems/