/SOY/ LEARNING C#
Lesson 2 - comparison, if else, logical operators
>Comparison operators
These operators are used in operations, which result in either true or false. Comparison operations include:
<Equal: ==
<Not equal: !=
<Greater than: >
<Less than: <
<Greater than or equal: >=
<Smaller than or equal: <=
The result value - true or false - is stored in a boolean data type: bool
^Exapmle: int a = 3;
^int b = 7;
^bool c = a == b;
We use the equality comparison (==) to compare values of ints a and b, and we store the result of that comparison in bool c. Since a = 3 and b = 7, their values are not equal, so bool c will contain the value false
>if else
A construction that allows your program to make a logical choice depending on a chosen condition in bool value (true or false)
<Example:
If (chosen condition = true/false)
{
Action sequence 1;
}
Else
{
Action sequence 2;
}
^Example end
Basically, if the chosen condition met the result you set inside if(), then action sequence 1 (whathever you coded there) will be executed. However, when the chosen condition doesn't meet the result you set inside if(), then action sequence 2 (also whatever you coded there) will be executed
Else is optional, if you don't need it. Sometimes you just need to set up if() and that's it
>Logical operators
These operators are used to perform operations on bool values and resilt in bool values. They help create decision making and control program flow in conditional statements and loops
<& - AND
<| - OR
<! - NOT
<&& - conditional AND
<|| - conditional OR 
NOT (!) is pretty simple - it inverts the bool value, true becoming false and vise versa. If bool a = true, then !a is false.
Conditional AND (&&) gives true if both bools are true. If one of them is false, then && gives false. 
^Example: bool a = true;
^bool b = true;
^if (a && b)
{
Action 1
}
Since a and b are both true, action 1 will happen. But should a or b or both be false, action 1 won't happen
Conditional OR (||)  gives true if at least one of the bools is true. Returns false if both are false
^Example: bool a = true;
^bool b = false;
^if (a || b)
{
Action 2
}
Since a is true, action 2 will happen. If both a and b would be false, action 2 wouldn't happen
AND (&) and OR (|) are the same as their conditional counterparts && and ||, however there ia a difference:
<Conditional AND and OR will not waste time checking the second bool if they already meet the condition for their answer: && needs both bools to be true, so if the frist boold is false, them && will give false without checking out the second bool. Likewise, || needs ateast one bool to be true, so if the first bool is true, || will give true without checking out the second bool. & amd , however, with still check out the second bool no matter what